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A goitre, or goiter, is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. [1] [2] A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly. Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency. [3] The term is from the Latin gutturia, meaning throat.
A goiter is a diffuse, often symmetric, swelling of the thyroid gland visible in the anterior neck that may develop. [13] The thyroid gland may become firm, large, and lobulated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but changes in the thyroid can also be non- palpable . [ 14 ]
[15] [16] Hashimoto's thyroiditis may present with the mass effect of a goiter (enlarged thyroid gland). [15] In middle-aged women, the symptoms may be mistaken for those of menopause. [17] Symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism [15]
Goiter is the general enlargement of the thyroid that can be associated with many thyroid diseases. The main reason this happens is because of increased signaling to the thyroid by way of TSH receptors to try to make it produce more thyroid hormone. [9] This causes increased vascularity and increase in size (hypertrophy) of the gland. [9]
Myxedema coma is rare but often fatal. It occurs most often in elderly women and may be mistaken for one of the chronic debilitating diseases common to this age group. [9] Though the exact cause of myxedema is still unclear, a wealth of research has demonstrated the importance of iodine. [10]
Graves' disease data has shown that the lifetime risk for women is around 3% and 0.5% for men. [39] It occurs about 7.5 times more often in women than in men [1] and often starts between the ages of 40 and 60. [6] It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States (about 50 to 80% of cases). [1] [4]
Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet.It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as congenital iodine deficiency syndrome due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems.
A woman, probably from inland of Norway, with goiter, probably due to iodine deficiency. Specialty: Endocrinology ...