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Post-mastectomy pain syndrome is a chronic neuropathic pain that usually manifests as continuous pain in the arm, axilla, chest wall, and breast region. [3] Pain is most likely to start after surgery, [3] although adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, may sometimes cause new symptoms to appear. [4]
Mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely.A mastectomy is usually carried out to treat breast cancer. [1] [2] In some cases, women believed to be at high risk of breast cancer have the operation as a preventive measure. [1]
Lillian Dierker was born October 16, 1953, [9] to Frank and Charmayne Dierker [10] and grew up on a dairy farm in Maryland. [11] Having aspired to be a nurse from an early age, she received a three year diploma from the Macqueen Gibbs Willis School of Nursing in Easton, Maryland in 1974.
Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
She was diagnosed with stage 2 breast cancer and additional imagining showed masses in her right breast. Ellis decided to get a double mastectomy with breast reconstruction.
NANDA International (formerly the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) is a professional organization of nurses interested in standardized nursing terminology, that was officially founded in 1982 and develops, researches, disseminates and refines the nomenclature, criteria, and taxonomy of nursing diagnosis. In 2002, NANDA became NANDA ...
Dowden’s post-surgery recovery comes as the Duchess of York is recuperating from her own mastectomy, after it was confirmed this week that she had been diagnosed with breast cancer.
Through this, Metcalfe became the first to investigate the predictors of contralateral breast cancer in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. [5] As such, she received another grant in 2012 while working as U of T's Bloomberg Nursing interim director of research to develop and test a decision support tool for post-mastectomy breast reconstruction.