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  2. chntpw - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chntpw

    chntpw has no support for fully encrypted NTFS partitions (the only possible exceptions to this are encrypted partitions readable by Linux such as LUKS), usernames containing Unicode characters, or Active Directory passwords (with the exception of local users of systems that are members of an AD domain). The password changing feature is also ...

  3. Magic SysRq key - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key

    Principal among the offered commands are means to forcibly unmount file systems, kill processes, recover keyboard state, and write unwritten data to disk. The magic SysRq key cannot work under certain conditions, such as a kernel panic [ 2 ] or a hardware failure preventing the kernel from running properly.

  4. Cold boot attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_boot_attack

    For example, a cold boot attack is used in situations where a system is secured and it is not possible to access the computer. [3] A cold boot attack may also be necessary when a hard disk is encrypted with full disk encryption and the disk potentially contains evidence of criminal activity. A cold boot attack provides access to the memory ...

  5. Device configuration overlay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_configuration_overlay

    Device configuration overlay (DCO) is a hidden area on many of today's hard disk drives (HDDs). Usually when information is stored in either the DCO or host protected area (HPA), it is not accessible by the BIOS (or UEFI), OS, or the user. However, certain tools can be used to modify the HPA or DCO.

  6. Reset (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reset_(computing)

    Reset places less stress on the hardware than power cycling, as the power is not removed. Many computers, especially older models, have user accessible "reset" buttons that assert the reset line to facilitate a system reboot in a way that cannot be trapped (i.e. prevented) by the operating system, or holding a combination of buttons on some ...

  7. INT 13H - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INT_13H

    INT 13h is shorthand for BIOS interrupt call 13 hex, the 20th interrupt vector in an x86-based (IBM PC-descended) computer system.The BIOS typically sets up a real mode interrupt handler at this vector that provides sector-based hard disk and floppy disk read and write services using cylinder-head-sector (CHS) addressing.

  8. Trusted Platform Module - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_Platform_Module

    Virtual machines running on Hyper-V can have their own virtual TPM module starting with Windows 10 1511 and Windows Server 2016. [112] Microsoft Windows includes two TPM related commands : tpmtool , a utility that can be used to retrieve information about the TPM, and tpmvscmgr , a command-line tool that allows creating and deleting TPM virtual ...

  9. Safe mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safe_mode

    Windows 11 running in safe mode. Microsoft Windows' safe mode (for 7/Vista [1] /XP [2] /2000/ME/98/95 [citation needed]) is accessed by pressing the F8 key as the operating system boots. [3] Also, in a multi-boot environment with multiple versions of Windows installed side by side, the F8 key can be pressed at the OS selector prompt to get to ...