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Fruits of sorrow framing our attention to suffering. Boston, Mass., USA: Beacon Press. Ronald Anderson. World Suffering and Quality of Life, Social Indicators Research Series, Volume 56, 2015. ISBN 978-94-017-9669-9; Also: Human Suffering and Quality of Life, SpringerBriefs in Well-Being and Quality of Life Research, 2014. ISBN 978-94-007-7668-5
Psychological pain, mental pain, or emotional pain is an unpleasant feeling (a suffering) of a psychological, non-physical origin. A pioneer in the field of suicidology, Edwin S. Shneidman, described it as "how much you hurt as a human being. It is mental suffering; mental torment."
Anguish (from the Latin angustia "distress") is "extreme unhappiness caused by physical or mental suffering." [1] The feeling of anguish is typically preceded by a tragedy or event that has a profound meaning to the being in question. Anguish can be felt physically or mentally (often referred to as emotional distress).
Sexual sadism disorder is the condition of experiencing sexual arousal in response to the involuntary extreme pain, suffering or humiliation of other people. [1] Several other terms are used to describe the condition, and it may overlap with other conditions that involve inflicting pain.
The symptoms for mental distress include a wide range of physical to mental conditions. [7] Physical symptoms may include sleep disturbance, anorexia (lack of appetite), loss of menstruation for women, headaches, chronic pain, and fatigue.
Some philosophers, such as Jeremy Bentham, Baruch Spinoza, and Descartes, have hypothesized that the feelings of pain (or suffering) and pleasure are part of a continuum. There is strong evidence of biological connections between the neurochemical pathways used for the perception of both pain and pleasure , as well as other psychological rewards.
Lexical threshold" negative utilitarianism says that there is some disutility, for instance some extreme suffering, such that no positive utility can counterbalance it. [24] 'Consent-based' negative utilitarianism is a specification of lexical threshold negative utilitarianism, which specifies where the threshold should be located.
Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage."