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Map of the spread of farming into Europe up to about 3800 BC Female figure from Tumba Madžari, North Macedonia. The European Neolithic is the period from the arrival of Neolithic (New Stone Age) technology and the associated population of Early European Farmers in Europe, c. 7000 BC (the approximate time of the first farming societies in Greece) until c. 2000 –1700 BC (the beginning of ...
The main types in Northwestern Europe, particularly Ireland, include passage graves, court cairn, and menhir. All these types of tomb were built from large slabs of rock which were uncut or worked only slightly. In each case, there was a "doorway" made from two large stones facing each other.
The word dolmen entered archaeology when Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne used it to describe megalithic tombs in his Origines gauloises (1796) using the spelling dolmin (the current spelling was introduced about a decade later and had become standard in French by about 1885).
Overall, about 40,000 long barrows are known to survive from the Early Neolithic across Europe. [3] The long barrows are not the world's oldest known structures using stone—they are predated by Göbekli Tepe in modern Turkey—but they do represent the oldest widespread tradition of using stone in construction. [ 4 ]
The distribution of known Early Neolithic long barrows and related funerary monuments. Across Europe, about 40,000 long barrows are known to survive from the Early Neolithic. [1] They are found across much of Western Europe; stretching from southeast Spain up to southern Sweden and taking in the British Isles to the west. [1]
Neolithic longhouses appeared in central Europe in connection with the early Neolithic cultures such as the Linear Pottery culture or Cucuteni culture. Apparently related with the Anatolian culture of Hacilar , the Greek region of Thessaly was the first place in Europe known to have acquired agriculture, cattle-herding and pottery.
A cutaway view model of a passage tomb. A passage grave or passage tomb consists of one or more burial chambers covered in earth or stone and having a narrow access passage made of large stones. These structures usually date from the Neolithic Age and are found largely in Western Europe.
Reconstruction of a Neolithic farmstead, Irish National Heritage Park.The Neolithic saw the invention of agriculture.. The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek νέος néos 'new' and λίθος líthos 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Europe, Asia, Mesopotamia and Africa (c. 10,000 BC to c. 2,000 BC).