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Alpha blockers, also known as α-blockers or α-adrenoreceptor antagonists, are a class of pharmacological agents that act as antagonists on α-adrenergic receptors (α-adrenoceptors). [ 2 ] Historically, alpha-blockers were used as a tool for pharmacologic research to develop a greater understanding of the autonomic nervous system.
This is a list of adrenergic drugs. These are pharmaceutical drugs , naturally occurring compounds and other chemicals that influence the function of the neurotransmitter epinephrine (adrenaline). Receptor ligands
It was the first alpha blocker which was used for treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. [22] Another Alpha Blocker Prazosin, which was the first drug selective to alpha 1 receptor, was developed in 1987 [22] for the therapy of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Other alpha blockers are then introduced for several diseases. [22]
Alpha-1 blockers (also called alpha-adrenergic blocking agents or alpha-1 antagonists) constitute a variety of drugs that block the effect of catecholamines on alpha-1-adrenergic receptors. They are mainly used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), hypertension and post-traumatic stress disorder . [ 1 ]
Alpha-2 blockers (or α 2 blockers) are a subset of the alpha blocker class of drugs and are antagonists to the α 2 adrenergic receptor.They are mainly used in research, having found limited clinical application in human medicine.
An adrenergic antagonist is a drug that inhibits the function of adrenergic receptors. There are five adrenergic receptors, which are divided into two groups. The first group of receptors are the beta (β) adrenergic receptors. There are β 1, β 2, and β 3 receptors. The second group contains the alpha (α) adrenoreceptors.
The alpha-adrenergic receptor has two subclasses α 1 and α 2. Alpha 2 receptors are associated with sympatholytic properties. Alpha-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of alpha blockers. Alpha adrenoreceptor ligands mimic the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine signaling in the heart, smooth muscle and central nervous system, with
When non-selective alpha blockers are used, norepinephrine cannot bind to alpha 1 or alpha 2 receptors. [7] As a result, activation of beta receptors occurs upon norepinephrine binding due to the spillover of excessive amounts of norepinephrine , resulting in tremors and tachycardia .