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Commonwealth of Israel is the English translation of the Greek πολιτείας (politeias) mentioned in Ephesians 2:12.The context of the surrounding verses, Ephesians 2:11-13, implies the uniting of Gentiles with Jews, whom had historically been God's heritage [1] and the object of God's promises.
The English word gentile derives from the Latin word gentilis, meaning "of or belonging to the same people or nation" (from Latin gēns 'clan, tribe, people, family'). Archaic and specialist uses of the word gentile in English (particularly in linguistics) still carry this meaning of "relating to a people or nation."
Bible commentaries suggest that the term may refer to Gutium. The other is in Joshua 12:23, where a “King of Goyim in Gilgal” is included in the list of kings slain by Joshua. In all other cases the meaning of goyim is 'nations.' [17] [7] In Exodus 19:6, the Israelites are referred to as a goy kadosh, a "holy nation".
Israelites being properly the chosen people of God is found directly in the Book of Deuteronomy 7:6 [1] as the verb baḥar (בָּחַר), and is alluded to elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible using other terms such as "holy people" as goy or gentile, Book of Exodus 19:6. [2] Much is written about these topics in rabbinic literature.
The Anchor Bible Dictionary, for example, says: "The clear implication is that gentiles are being compelled to live according to Jewish customs." [ 11 ] The word Judaizer comes from judaize , which is seldom used in English Bible translations (an exception is the Young's Literal Translation for Galatians 2:14).
A ger toshav ("resident alien") is a Gentile (non-Jew) living in the Land of Israel who agrees to follow the Seven Laws of Noah. [21] The theological basis for the seven commandments of the Noahic Covenant is said to be derived interpretatively from demands addressed to Adam [22] and to Noah, [23] who are believed to be the progenitors of humankind in Judaism, and therefore to be regarded as ...
The Council of Jerusalem or Apostolic Council is a council described in chapter 15 of the Acts of the Apostles, held in Jerusalem c. AD 48–50.. The council decided that Gentiles who converted to Christianity were not obligated to keep most of the rules prescribed to the Jews by the Mosaic Law, such as Jewish dietary laws and other specific rituals, including the rules concerning circumcision ...
The Seven Nations (Hebrew: שבעת העמים, romanized: Shivat Ha'amim) are seven nations that according to the Hebrew Bible lived in the Land of Canaan prior to the arrival of the Israelites. God instructed the Israelites to destroy these seven nations upon entering Canaan.