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Q is the urine flow (volume/time) [mL/min] (often [mL/24 h]) C B is the plasma concentration [mmol/L] (in the USA often [mg/mL]) When the substance "C" is creatinine, an endogenous chemical that is excreted only by filtration, the clearance is an approximation of the glomerular filtration rate.
Absolute bioavailability refers to the bioavailability of a drug when administered via an extravascular dosage form (i.e. oral tablet, suppository, subcutaneous, etc.) compared with the bioavailability of the same drug administered intravenously (IV). This is done by comparing the AUC of the non-intravenous dosage form with the AUC for the drug ...
The elimination rate constant K or K e is a value used in pharmacokinetics to describe the rate at which a drug is removed from the human system. [1] It is often abbreviated K or K e. It is equivalent to the fraction of a substance that is removed per unit time measured at any particular instant and has units of T −1.
The formula for calculating the absolute bioavailability, F, of a drug administered orally (po) is given below (where D is dose administered). F a b s = 100 ⋅ A U C p o ⋅ D i v A U C i v ⋅ D p o {\displaystyle F_{\mathrm {abs} }=100\cdot {\frac {AUC_{\mathrm {po} }\cdot D_{\mathrm {iv} }}{AUC_{\mathrm {iv} }\cdot D_{\mathrm {po} }}}}
In pharmacokinetics, the rate of infusion (or dosing rate) refers not just to the rate at which a drug is administered, but the desired rate at which a drug should be administered to achieve a steady state of a fixed dose which has been demonstrated to be therapeutically effective. Abbreviations include K in, [1] K 0, [2] or R 0.
The accumulation ratio of a specific drug in humans is determined by clinical studies. According to a 2013 analysis, such studies are typically done with 10 to 20 subjects who are given one single dose followed by a washout phase of seven days , and then seven to 14 repeated doses to reach steady state conditions. Blood samples are drawn 11 ...
The urinary flow rate in males with benign prostate hyperplasia is influenced, although not statistically by voiding position. In a meta-analysis on the influence of voiding position in males on urodynamics , males with this condition showed an improvement of 1.23 ml/s in the sitting position.
V also is a volume, expressed in mL or L. So the ratio of K × t / V is a so-called "dimensionless ratio" and can be thought of as a multiple of the volume of plasma cleared of urea divided by the distribution volume of urea. When Kt/V = 1.0, a volume of blood equal to the distribution volume of urea has been completely cleared of urea.