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Fifty-one people were killed in these failures, leading in the UK to the formation of the Merrison Committee [4] and considerable investment in new research into steel box girder behaviour. Most of the bridges still under construction at this time were delayed for investigation of the basic design principle.
A wooden deck was then erected atop the falsework to support the lowest forming surface. Reinforcing for the lowest surface of the box structure was then added, and the concrete was poured. During the initial pour, reinforcing and formwork for interior shear beams and any included tendon conduits were added. Later, another concrete pour was ...
Completed falsework: Decking and some formwork has been added. The illustrations are of modern pipe-column falsework, used to support the formwork for a post-tensioned reinforced concrete flyover connector for the eastern span replacement of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. When the supports are complete, wood beams and plywood or reusable ...
A Bailey Bridge was in place over the gap within 6 weeks and a full replacement of the three spans was opened in December 1973. [34] West Side Elevated Highway: New York City: United States 15 December 1973: Poor maintenance and overloading No casualties Single span collapse, which caused the closure and eventual demolition of most of the highway.
This is a list of structural failures and collapses of buildings and other structures including bridges, dams, and radio masts/towers. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
Infrastructure includes the basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, [1] or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function.
The report led to the development of British Standard 5975: 1982 Code of practice for falsework, the first for falsework. [3] [5] BS 5975 required appointment of a falsework co-ordinator on sites required to allocate design responsibility and ensure that a design was checked. [6]
On June 8, 1978, OSHA cited Willow Island contractors for 20 violations, including failures to field test concrete and anchor the scaffold system properly. The cases were settled for $85,500, or about $1,700 per worker killed.