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Whereas most insects that feed on sap feed on the nutrient-rich fluid from the phloem, Cercopidae utilize the much more dilute sap flowing upward from the roots via the xylem. The large amount of excess water that must be excreted and the evolution of special breathing tubes allow the young spittlebug nymphs to grow in the relatively protective ...
Traditionally, most of the superfamily Cercopoidea was considered a single family, the Cercopidae, but this family has been split into three families for many years now: the Aphrophoridae, Cercopidae, and Clastopteridae.
Cercopidae are the largest family of Cercopoidea, a xylem-feeding insect group, commonly called froghoppers. [2] They belong to the hemipteran suborder Auchenorrhyncha.A 2023 phylogenetic study of the family suggested the elevation of the New World subfamily Ischnorhininae to full family status as Ischnorhinidae, leaving a monophyletic Old World Cercopinae.
The eggs are laid singly or in groups (1 to 30, average 7 [9]) on the food plants of the larvae. Egg-laying is triggered by a single female, which can produce up to 350–400 eggs. In unfavorable climatic periods, froghoppers can survive in the form of eggs. [6] Eggs are approximately 1 mm long and 0.3 mm wide.
Nymphs feed on various grasses (including centipedegrass, bermudagrass and corn) from within foam (consisting of their own spittle) produced from juices of their host plant. [2] Adults feed on the leaves of both native and introduced species of holly, as well as on the leaves of the eastern redbud tree. It is a pest of forage grasses and turf ...
Four-lined plant bugs are what Lowenstein calls generalists: they'll eat ornamental plants, weeds, herbs, and just about any other plant in your garden. However, they won't actually kill the plant.
These bugs are mainly found in the Old World tropics. The adults of many genera have a long, free and spine-like process originating from the scutellum and thus superficially similar to the tree-hoppers, Membracidae. The tegmen or forewing, like typical bugs of the suborder Heteroptera, always has a distinct, membranous apical area.
Philaenus is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. [1] It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. [2]