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The Columbia River Basalt Group (including the Steen and Picture Gorge basalts) extends over portions of four states. The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest, smallest and one of the best-preserved continental flood basalt provinces on Earth, covering over 210,000 km 2 (81,000 sq mi) mainly eastern Oregon and Washington, western Idaho, and part of northern Nevada. [1]
A flood basalt (or plateau basalt [1]) is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that covers large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Many flood basalts have been attributed to the onset of a hotspot reaching the surface of the Earth via a mantle plume . [ 2 ]
The location of the State of Colorado in the United States of America. The Gunnison River in the Black Canyon. This is a list of drainage basins in the U.S. State of Colorado. Colorado encompasses the headwaters of several important rivers. The state is divided into two major hydrographic regions by the Continental Divide of the Americas.
The boundary is represented in the basin by a 1-cm thick tonstein clay layer in the Raton Formation which has been found to contain anomalously high concentrations of iridium. The boundary clay layer is accessible to the public at Trinidad Lake State Park, among other places in the basin. [3] [4]
During late Miocene and early Pliocene times, a flood basalt engulfed about 63,000 square miles (160,000 km 2) of the Pacific Northwest, forming a large igneous province. [2] Over a period of perhaps 10 to 15 million years, lava flow after lava flow poured out, ultimately accumulating to a thickness of more than 6,000 feet (1.8 km). [2]
The Grand Mesa is a large mesa in western Colorado in the United States. It is the largest flat-topped mountain in the world. [ 1 ] It has an area of about 500 square miles (1,300 km 2 ) and stretches for about 40 miles (60 km) east of Grand Junction between the Colorado River and the Gunnison River , its tributary to the south.
It flows westward along the county line between Pitkin and Eagle County. Below Meredith, it is dammed to form the Ruedi Reservoir. It joins the Roaring Fork below Basalt. A portion of the river's water is diverted to the east side of the continental divide for irrigation and drinking water via the Fryingpan-Arkansas Project.
Pilot Rock in Petrified Forest National Park is underlain by Bidahochi Formation. The Pliocene to Late Neogene Bidahochi Formation lies at an elevation of about 6,300 feet (1,920 m) to 6,600 feet (2,012 m) at the southeast of the Colorado Plateau; the deposits are from Hopi Lake (also called Bidahochi Lake), and the deposits extend southwards to the region at the north perimeter of the White ...