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Two similar pipings with same pressure distance and head. The second pipe contains some obstructions for flow resulting in less discharge. A common example of backpressure is that caused by the exhaust system (consisting of the exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, muffler and connecting pipes) of an automotive four-stroke engine, which has a negative effect on engine efficiency, resulting in ...
The Turbo-back (or turbo back) is part of the exhaust system from the outlet of a turbocharger to the final vent to open air. Turbo-back systems are generally produced as aftermarket performance systems for cars with turbochargers. Some turbo-back (and header-back) systems replace stock catalytic converters, while others have less flow restriction.
H, pressure drop across test piece in pascals measured by the test pressure manometer d , density of air in kilograms per cubic meter ( 1.20 kilograms per cubic meter at standard conditions ) This represents the highest speed of the air in the flow path of a normally shaped port, at or near the section of minimum area ( through the valve seat ...
An exhaust brake is a device that essentially creates a major restriction in the exhaust system, and creates substantial exhaust back pressure to retard engine speed and offer some supplemental braking. Exhaust brakes are manufactured by many companies. The brakes vary in design, but essentially operate as described above.
Adding exhaust gas therefore reduces pressure and temperature during the isentropic compression in the cylinder, thereby lowering the adiabatic flame temperature. In a typical automotive spark-ignited (SI) engine, 5% to 15% of the exhaust gas is routed back to the intake as EGR. The maximum quantity is limited by the need of the mixture to ...
Compression tests should normally be done with all spark plugs removed to maximize cranking speed. Cranking compression is a dynamic test of the actual low-speed pumping action, where peak cylinder pressure is measured and stored. A compression tester. Leak-down testing is a static test. Leak-down tests cylinder leakage paths.