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Syria, [h] officially the Syrian Arab Republic, [i] [16] is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east and southeast, Jordan to the south, and Israel and Lebanon to the southwest.
International sanctions against Syria are a series of economic sanctions and restrictions imposed on Syria which was under the Ba'athist regime at that time by the European Union, the United States, Canada, Australia, and Switzerland, mainly as a result of the repression of civilians in the Syrian civil war from 2011 onwards.
The politics of Syria is currently in a transitional period led by the Syrian transitional government. The seat of the government is located in Damascus , Syria . The previous government consisted of a President , a Prime Minister , and a legislative council with 250 seats.
Central Intelligence Agency activities in Syria since the agency's inception in 1947 have included coup attempts and assassination plots, and in more recent years, extraordinary renditions, a paramilitary strike, and funding and military training of forces opposed to the current government.
The Syrian Revolution, [29] [30] also known as the Syrian Revolution of Dignity [b] was a series of mass protests and civilian uprisings throughout Syria – with a subsequent violent reaction by the Ba'athist regime – lasting from February 2011 to December 2024 as part of the greater Arab Spring in the Arab world.
Syria has an honorary consulates in Sydney [275] and Melbourne. [276] Australia is accredited to Syria from its embassy in Beirut. An Australian embassy was opened in Damascus in 1977. Syria opened an embassy in Canberra in the early 2000s. Until the start of the current Syrian civil war in 2011, the two countries enjoyed good relations.
Syria's oil sector has been hit by the Civil War and international sanctions imposed on Syria. Syria produced 406,000 barrels per day (bpd) in 2008, but the oil production dropped to 353,000 bpd in 2011 and had plunged to just 24,000 bpd by 2018, a reduction of more than 90%, [238] according to the BP Statistical Review of World Energy. [239]
According to a U.N. panel in May 2012, Iran supplied the Syrian government with arms during the previous year despite a ban on weapons exports by the Islamic Republic. Turkish authorities captured crates and a truck in February 2012, including assault rifles, machine guns, explosives, detonators, 60 mm and 120 mm mortar shells as well as other ...