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An eolith (from Greek "eos", dawn, and "lithos", stone) is a flint nodule that appears to have been crudely knapped. Eoliths were once thought to have been artifacts, the earliest stone tools, but are now believed to be geofacts (stone fragments produced by fully natural geological processes such as glaciation).
Flint occurs chiefly as nodules and masses in sedimentary rocks, such as chalks and limestones. [3] [4] Inside the nodule, flint is usually dark grey or black, green, white, or brown in colour, and has a glassy or waxy appearance. A thin, oxidised layer on the outside of the nodules is usually different in colour, typically white and rough in ...
Paramoudras, paramoudra flints, pot stones or potstones are flint nodules found mainly in parts of north-west Europe: Norfolk (United Kingdom), Ireland, Denmark, Spain and Germany. In Norfolk they are known as pot stones and can be found on the beach below Beeston Bump just outside Beeston Regis. In Ireland they are known as paramoudras.
In geology and particularly in sedimentology, a nodule is a small, irregularly rounded knot, mass, or lump of a mineral or mineral aggregate that typically has a contrasting composition from the enclosing sediment or sedimentary rock. Examples include pyrite nodules in coal, a chert nodule in limestone, or a phosphorite nodule in marine shale.
The flint at Krzemionki was exploited from the 4th millennium through the middle of the 2nd millennium BCE (3000-1600 BCE. [4]) by people of the Funnelbeaker culture, Globular Amphora and Mierzanowice cultures who excavated flint mainly by hatchets. [5] Banded flints from Krzemionki were used mainly for the manufacture of axes and chisels.
Chert is a siliceous (silica) stone, a variety of quartz similar to flint but more brittle. It naturally occurs as large, flat, elliptically shaped nodules in creek beds, and sometimes as hill-top residuum. The nodules were formed as part of the Ullin limestone formation during the Mississippian geologic period (roughly 359 to 318 million years ...
Such bell pits may also mark the sites of ancient flint mines, where the prime object was to remove flint nodules for stone tool manufacture. The surface remains at Cissbury are one such example, but perhaps the most famous is the extensive complex at Grimes Graves in Norfolk. [31] Chalk was traditionally used in recreation.
Elaborate 15th-century flint and limestone flushwork at Holy Trinity Church in Long Melford, Suffolk Flushworked buildings belong to the Perpendicular style of English Gothic architecture . It is characteristic of the external walls of medieval buildings – most of the survivors being churches – in parts of Southern England and especially ...