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The symptoms of low blood sugar alone are not specific enough to characterize a hypoglycemic episode. [2] A single blood sugar reading below 70 mg/dL is also not specific enough to characterize a hypoglycemic episode. [2] Whipple's triad is a set of three conditions that need to be met to accurately characterize a hypoglycemic episode. [2]
In North America a mild episode of diabetic hypoglycemia is sometimes termed a "low" or an "insulin reaction," [4] and in Europe a "hypo", although all of these terms are occasionally used interchangeably in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. A severe episode is sometimes also referred to as "insulin shock".
By far, the most common cause of severe hypoglycemia in this age range is insulin injected for type 1 diabetes.Circumstances should provide clues fairly quickly for the new diseases causing severe hypoglycemia.
Whipple's triad is a collection of three signs (called Whipple's criteria) that suggests that a patient's symptoms result from hypoglycaemia that may indicate insulinoma.The essential conditions are symptoms of hypoglycaemia, low blood plasma glucose concentration, and relief of symptoms when plasma glucose concentration is increased.
Reactive hypoglycemia, postprandial hypoglycemia, or sugar crash is a term describing recurrent episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia occurring within four hours [1] after a high carbohydrate meal in people with and without diabetes. [2] The term is not necessarily a diagnosis since it requires an evaluation to determine the cause of the ...
Ketotic hypoglycemia classically presents in male young children, typically between the ages of 10 months and 6 years, in the morning after a prolonged overnight fast. Symptoms include those of neuroglycopenia, ketosis, or both. [6] [7] Neuroglycopenic symptoms usually include lethargy and malaise, but may include unresponsiveness or seizures.
People with type 1 diabetes mellitus who must take insulin in full replacement doses are most vulnerable to episodes of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels). This can occur if a person takes too much insulin or diabetic medication, does strenuous exercise without eating additional food, misses meals, consumes too much alcohol, or consumes alcohol without food. [5]
Most neurons have the ability to use other fuels besides glucose (e.g. lactic acid, ketones).Knowledge of the "switchover" process is incomplete. [further explanation needed] The most severe neuroglycopenic symptoms occur with hypoglycemia caused by excess insulin because insulin reduces the availability of other fuels by suppressing ketogenesis and gluconeogenesis.