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In electromagnetism, the magnetic moment or magnetic dipole moment is the combination of strength and orientation of a magnet or other object or system that exerts a magnetic field. The magnetic dipole moment of an object determines the magnitude of torque the object experiences in a given magnetic field. When the same magnetic field is applied ...
Moreover, one form of magnetic dipole moment is associated with a fundamental quantum property—the spin of elementary particles. Because magnetic monopoles do not exist, the magnetic field at a large distance from any static magnetic source looks like the field of a dipole with the same dipole moment. For higher-order sources (e.g ...
Continuous charge distribution. The volume charge density ρ is the amount of charge per unit volume (cube), surface charge density σ is amount per unit surface area (circle) with outward unit normal nĚ‚, d is the dipole moment between two point charges, the volume density of these is the polarization density P.
As such, the SI unit of magnetic dipole moment is ampere meter 2. More precisely, to account for solenoids with many turns the unit of magnetic dipole moment is ampere–turn meter 2. In the magnetic pole model, the magnetic dipole moment is due to two equal and opposite magnetic charges that are separated by a distance, d.
Roughly speaking, the magnetic field of a dipole goes as the inverse cube of the distance, and the force of its magnetic field on another dipole goes as the first derivative of the magnetic field. It follows that the dipole-dipole interaction goes as the inverse fourth power of the distance. Suppose m 1 and m 2 are two magnetic dipole moments ...
The total magnetic dipole moment resulting from both spin and orbital angular momenta of an electron is related to the total angular momentum J by a similar equation: = . The g -factor g J is known as the Landé g -factor , which can be related to g L and g S by quantum mechanics.
In classical electromagnetism, magnetization is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced magnetic dipole moments in a magnetic material. Accordingly, physicists and engineers usually define magnetization as the quantity of magnetic moment per unit volume. [1] It is represented by a pseudovector M.
The magnetic moment of an object is an intrinsic property and does not change with distance, and thus can be used to measure "how strong" a magnet is. For example, Earth possesses an enormous magnetic moment, however we are very distant from its center and experience only a tiny magnetic flux density (measured in tesla ) on its surface.