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The read permission grants the ability to read a file. When set for a directory, this permission grants the ability to read the names of files in the directory, but not to find out any further information about them such as contents, file type, size, ownership, permissions. The write permission grants the ability to modify a file. When set for ...
mkdir: Filesystem Mandatory Make directories Version 1 AT&T UNIX mkfifo: Filesystem Mandatory Make FIFO special files 4.4BSD [dubious – discuss] more: Text processing Optional (UP) Display files on a page-by-page basis 3BSD msgfmt: Misc Mandatory Create messages objects from messages object files mv: Filesystem Mandatory Move or rename files
The mkdir (make directory) command in the Unix, DOS, DR FlexOS, [1] IBM OS/2, [2] Microsoft Windows, and ReactOS [3] operating systems is used to make a new directory. It is also available in the EFI shell [ 4 ] and in the PHP scripting language .
Changes the permissions of a file or directory cp: Copies a file or directory dd: Copies and converts a file df: Shows disk free space on file systems dir: Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) dircolors: Set up color for ls: install: Copies files and set attributes ln: Creates a link to a ...
In the Linux kernel, the fat, hfs, hpfs, ntfs, and udf file system drivers support a umask mount option, which controls how the disk information is mapped to permissions. This is not the same as the per-process mask described above, although the permissions are calculated in a similar way.
Linux also supports mandatory locking through the special -o mand parameter for file system mounting , but this is rarely used. Some Unix-like operating systems prevent attempts to open the executable file of a running program for writing; this is a third form of locking, separate from those provided by fcntl and flock .
The file system permissions of a symbolic link are not used; the access modes of the target file are controlled by the target file's own permissions. Some operating systems, such as FreeBSD, offer the ability to modify file permissions and filesystem attributes of a symbolic link, through lchmod [12] and lchflags [13] system calls respectively.
Files whose permissions have been incorrectly altered by an administrator, an administrator operating with root privileges, or a poorly designed installer package (installed with similar privileges) can cause a wide array of problems ranging from application errors to the inability to boot macOS.