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Standard Spanish, also called the norma culta, 'cultivated norm', [1] refers to the standard, or codified, variety of the Spanish language, which most writing and formal speech in Spanish tends to reflect. This standard, like other standard languages, tends to reflect the norms of upper-class, educated speech.
This is a list of bodies that consider themselves to be authorities on standard languages, often called language academies.Language academies are motivated by, or closely associated with, linguistic purism and prestige, and typically publish prescriptive dictionaries, [1] which purport to officiate and prescribe the meaning of words and pronunciations.
The standardization of a language is a continual process, because language is always changing and a language-in-use cannot be permanently standardized like the parts of a machine. [8] Standardization may originate from a motivation to make the written form of a language more uniform, as is the case of Standard English . [ 9 ]
The following is a non-exhaustive list of standardized tests that assess a person's language proficiency of a foreign/secondary language. Various types of such exams exist per many languages—some are organized at an international level even through national authoritative organizations, while others simply for specific limited business or study orientation.
An IETF BCP 47 language tag is a standardized code that is used to identify human languages on the Internet. [1] The tag structure has been standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) [ 1 ] in Best Current Practice (BCP) 47 ; [ 1 ] the subtags are maintained by the IANA Language Subtag Registry .
Language standardization – the attempt to garner prestige for a regional language or dialect, developing it as the chosen standard language of a region; Language spread – the attempt to increase the number of speakers of a language; Lexical modernization – word coining or adaptation
ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. [1] Each language is assigned a two-letter (set 1) and three-letter lowercase abbreviation (sets 2–5). [ 2 ] Part 1 of the standard, ISO 639-1 defines the two-letter codes, and Part 3 (2007), ISO 639-3 , defines the three-letter codes, aiming to cover all known natural ...
Codifying a language can vary from case to case and depends on the stage of standardization that might have already occurred naturally. It typically means to develop a writing system , set up normative rules for grammar , orthography , pronunciation , and usage of vocabulary as well as publish grammar books, dictionaries and similar guidelines.