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Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
Common side effects include fever, infection, cough, headache, trouble sleeping, and rash. [31] Other severe side effects include heart failure, allergic reactions, and lung disease. [31] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. [23] Trastuzumab works by binding to the HER2 receptor and slowing down cell replication. [31]
In 1983, Coates et al. found that people receiving chemotherapy ranked nausea and vomiting as the first and second most severe side-effects, respectively. [98] Up to 20% of people receiving highly emetogenic agents in this era postponed, or even refused potentially curative treatments. [ 99 ]
After four chemotherapy infusions and a rigorous cold capping routine, Lazzara was able to preserve about 70% of her hair. ... The most common side effects of chemotherapy are dehydration, nausea ...
It can have major side effects too, including hair loss and damage to healthy cells throughout the body. For Robbins, the lumpectomy revealed that her numbers were on the cusp of needing chemotherapy.
A study discussed Friday, Dec. 9, 2022, at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium finds many women with two or three breast tumors can get by with lumpectomy surgery instead of having their whole ...