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In biology, a reflex, or reflex action, is an involuntary, unplanned sequence or action [1] and nearly instantaneous response to a stimulus. [2] [3] The simplest reflex is initiated by a stimulus, which activates an afferent nerve. The signal is then passed to a response neuron, which generates a response.
The visual system and the somatosensory system are active even during resting state fMRI Activation and response in the sensory nervous system. The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information.
The optokinetic reflex (OKR), also referred to as the optokinetic response, or optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), is a compensatory reflex that supports visual image stabilization. [1] The purpose of OKR is to prevent motion blur on the retina that would otherwise occur when an animal moves its head or navigates through its environment.
) reflex. The orienting response is a reaction to novel or significant stimuli. In the 1950s the orienting response was studied systematically by the Russian scientist Evgeny Sokolov , who documented the phenomenon called " habituation ", referring to a gradual "familiarity effect" and reduction of the orienting response with repeated stimulus ...
Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.
Accommodation usually acts like a reflex, including part of the accommodation-convergence reflex, but it can also be consciously controlled. The main ways animals may change focus are: Changing the shape of the lens. Changing the position of the lens relative to the retina. Changing the axial length of the eyeball. Changing the shape of the cornea.
Woodlouse activity decreases as humidity increases.. Kinesis, like a taxis or tropism, is a movement or activity of a cell or an organism in response to a stimulus (such as gas exposure, light intensity or ambient temperature).
The withdrawal reflex (nociceptive flexion reflex or flexor withdrawal reflex) is a spinal reflex intended to protect the body from damaging stimuli. [1] The reflex rapidly coordinates the contractions of all the flexor muscles and the relaxations of the extensors in that limb causing sudden withdrawal from the potentially damaging stimulus. [ 2 ]