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The main pathophysiology of heart failure is a reduction in the efficiency of the heart muscle, through damage or overloading. As such, it can be caused by a wide number of conditions, including myocardial infarction (in which the heart muscle is starved of oxygen and dies), hypertension (which increases the force of contraction needed to pump blood) and cardiac amyloidosis (in which misfolded ...
Heart failure (HF), also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is a syndrome caused by an impairment in the heart's ability to fill with and pump blood.. Although symptoms vary based on which side of the heart is affected, HF typically presents with shortness of breath, excessive fatigue, and bilateral leg swelling. [3]
Treatments for heart failure include medications, an intra-aortic balloon pump, a ventricular assist device, heart valve replacements, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (if the heart failure worsens suddenly and especially if an infection was the cause), an artificial heart, or a heart transplant (from a deceased human donor, or from a pig ...
High-output heart failure is a heart condition that occurs when the cardiac output is higher than normal because of increased peripheral demand. There is a circulatory overload which may lead to pulmonary edema secondary to an elevated diastolic pressure in the left ventricle .
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a form of heart failure in which the ejection fraction – the percentage of the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat divided by the volume of blood when the left ventricle is maximally filled – is normal, defined as greater than 50%; [1] this may be measured by echocardiography or cardiac catheterization.
Ultimately the ventricle walls need to be the right size relative to the size of the chamber in order for the heart to work effectively. Any major deviation from that can lead to heart failure. Alright, even though systolic failure is most common in left-sided heart failure, diastolic heart failure or filling dysfunction can also happen.
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