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The summation symbol. Mathematical notation uses a symbol that compactly represents summation of many similar terms: the summation symbol, , an enlarged form of the upright capital Greek letter sigma. [1] This is defined as
An index that is summed over is a summation index, in this case "i ". It is also called a dummy index since any symbol can replace "i " without changing the meaning of the expression (provided that it does not collide with other index symbols in the same term). An index that is not summed over is a free index and should appear only once per ...
Summation notation may refer to: Capital-sigma notation, mathematical symbol for summation; Einstein notation, summation over like-subscripted indices
This means that the sum of two independent normally distributed random variables is normal, with its mean being the sum of the two means, and its variance being the sum of the two variances (i.e., the square of the standard deviation is the sum of the squares of the standard deviations). [1]
Random variables are usually written in upper case Roman letters, such as or and so on. Random variables, in this context, usually refer to something in words, such as "the height of a subject" for a continuous variable, or "the number of cars in the school car park" for a discrete variable, or "the colour of the next bicycle" for a categorical variable.
This notation reflects an indirect analogy between the relationship of summation and products on one hand, and existential and universal quantifiers on the other. See the article on the arithmetic hierarchy. In statistics, σ represents the standard deviation of population or probability distribution (where mu or μ is used for the mean). [10]
This can be expressed more concisely by using summation notation: = That is, a polynomial can either be zero or can be written as the sum of a finite number of non-zero terms. Each term consists of the product of a number – called the coefficient of the term [ a ] – and a finite number of indeterminates, raised to non-negative integer powers.
Mathematical notation consists of using symbols for representing operations, unspecified numbers, relations, and any other mathematical objects and assembling them into expressions and formulas. Mathematical notation is widely used in mathematics , science , and engineering for representing complex concepts and properties in a concise ...