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An ANA test is considered positive if fluorescence is seen at a titre of 1:40/1:80. Higher titres are more clinically significant as low positives (≤1:160) are found in up to 20% of healthy individuals, especially the elderly. Only around 5% of the healthy population have ANA titres of 1:160 or higher. [8] [53]
ENA (extractable nuclear antigen) panel tests, test for autoantibodies to proteins in the cell nucleus. The term "extractable" is derived from the ability to remove the autoantibodies from the nuclei with saline and common proteins. The method of identifying these specimens is why they are also referred to as antibodies to saline-extracted ...
Meaning ā (a with a bar over it) before (from Latin ante) before: A: assessment a.a. of each (from Latin ana ana) amino acids: A or Ala – alanine; C or Cys – cysteine; D or Asp – aspartic acid; E or Glu – glutamic acid; F or Phe – phenylalanine; H or His – histidine; I or Ile – isoleucine; K or Lys – lysine; L or Leu ...
Hanger reflex - reflex of unclear purpose that causes the head to rotate to the right when the top sides of the head are under pressure, named because it can be easily activated with a coat hanger; Hering–Breuer reflex — is a reflex triggered to prevent over-inflation of the lung
HEp-2 cells provide a greater ability to differentiate patterns of ANA than animal sections, due to the large nuclei and high mitotic rate of the cell line. Upon incubation with serum containing anti-dsDNA antibodies and fluorescent labelled secondary antibodies, homogeneous staining of interphase nuclei and condensed chromosomal staining of ...
This is a list of mnemonics used in medicine and medical science, categorized and alphabetized. A mnemonic is any technique that assists the human memory with information retention or retrieval by making abstract or impersonal information more accessible and meaningful, and therefore easier to remember; many of them are acronyms or initialisms which reduce a lengthy set of terms to a single ...
The anal wink, anal reflex, perineal reflex, or anocutaneous reflex is the reflexive contraction of the external anal sphincter upon stroking of the skin around the anus. [ 1 ] A noxious or tactile stimulus will cause a wink contraction of the anal sphincter muscles and also flexion.
Second, medical roots generally go together according to language, i.e., Greek prefixes occur with Greek suffixes and Latin prefixes with Latin suffixes. Although international scientific vocabulary is not stringent about segregating combining forms of different languages, it is advisable when coining new words not to mix different lingual roots.