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Lai Yonghai points out that heaven, or God, is the supreme deity of Confucianism, and that the will of heaven is the fundamental starting point for all political and ethical principles of Confucianism. The deity system with God as the supreme deity is the belief system of Religious Confucianism. God was originally the ancestral god of the past.
Shangdi (Chinese: 上帝; pinyin: Shàngdì; Wade–Giles: Shang 4 Ti 4), also called simply Di (Chinese: 帝; pinyin: Dì; lit. 'God'), [1] is the name of the Chinese Highest Deity or "Lord Above" in the theology of the classical texts, especially deriving from Shang theology and finding an equivalent in the later Tiān ("Heaven" or "Great Whole") of Zhou theology.
The Way of the Gods according to the Confucian Tradition (Chinese: 儒宗神教 Rúzōng Shénjiào), also called the Luandao (鸾道 "Phoenix Way" or 鸾门 Luánmén, "Phoenix Gate") [1] or Luanism (鸾教 Luánjiào) [2] or—from the name of its cell congregations—the phoenix halls or phoenix churches (鸾堂 luántáng), is a Confucian congregational religious movement of the Chinese ...
Tian (天) is one of the oldest Chinese terms for heaven and a key concept in Chinese mythology, philosophy, and religion.During the Shang dynasty (17th―11th century BCE), the Chinese referred to their highest god as Shangdi or Di (帝, 'Lord'). [1]
Some critics view Confucianism as definitely pantheistic and nontheistic, in that it is not based on the belief in the supernatural or in a personal god existing separate from the temporal plane. [ 8 ] [ 151 ] Confucius views about tian and about the divine providence ruling the world, can be found above (in this page) and in Analects 6:26, 7: ...
The Four Cardinal Principles and Eight Virtues are a set of Legalist (and later Confucian) foundational principles of morality.The Four Cardinal Principles are propriety (禮), righteousness (義), integrity (廉), and shame (恥).
The Confucian church (Chinese: 孔教会; pinyin: Kǒng jiàohuì or Rú jiàohuì) is a Confucian religious and social institution of the congregational type. It was first proposed by Kang Youwei (1858–1927) near the end of the 19th century, as a state religion of Qing China following a European model.
The Confucianism goal was "a cultured status position", while Puritanism's goal was to create individuals who are "tools of God". [19] The intensity of belief and enthusiasm for action were rare in Confucianism, but common in Protestantism. [19] Actively working for wealth was unbecoming a proper Confucian. [20]