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Language development in humans is a process which starts early in life. Infants start without knowing a language, yet by 10 months, babies can distinguish speech sounds and engage in babbling . Some research has shown that the earliest learning begins in utero when the fetus starts to recognize the sounds and speech patterns of its mother's ...
The sex of the fetus may be discerned by ultrasound as early as 11 weeks' gestation. The accuracy is relatively imprecise when attempted early. [15] [16] [17] After 13 weeks' gestation, a high accuracy of between 99% and 100% is possible if the fetus does not display intersex external characteristics. [18]
Also, most low-frequency sounds (less than 300 Hz) can reach the fetal inner ear in the womb of mammals. [20] Those low-frequency sounds include pitch, rhythm, and phonetic information related to language. [21] Studies have indicated that fetuses react to and recognize differences between sounds. [22]
Learning language as an infant also requires fetal memory. It is now known that the mother's voice is clearly heard from inside the womb and that the fetus can differentiate speech sounds, particularly the phonemes (a single segment of sound) in speech. This is evident in the baby when born, showing many signs of early language comprehension.
The hormonal theory of sexuality holds that, just as exposure to certain hormones plays a role in fetal sex differentiation, such exposure also influences the sexual orientation that emerges later in the individual. Prenatal hormones may be seen as the primary determinant of adult sexual orientation, or a co-factor.
A study by Gathercole and Baddeley (1989) showed the importance of sound for early word meaning. [36] They tested the phonological memory of 4- and 5-year-old children, i.e., how well these children were able to remember a sequence of unfamiliar sounds. They found that children with better phonological memory also had larger vocabularies at ...
New research suggests fluoride exposure during pregnancy could be linked to neurobehavioral issues in kids. But even the study’s authors — who were prompted to examine the issue based on ...
The relationship between the environment and sexual orientation is a subject of research. In the study of sexual orientation, some researchers distinguish environmental influences from hormonal influences, [1] while other researchers include biological influences such as prenatal hormones as part of environmental influences.