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Edward Lee Thorndike (() August 31, 1874 – () August 9, 1949) was an American psychologist who spent nearly his entire career at Teachers College, Columbia University.His work on comparative psychology and the learning process led to his "theory of connectionism" and helped lay the scientific foundation for educational psychology.
Traill (2008, espec.Table "S" on p.31) follows Jerne and Popper in seeing this strategy as probably underlying all knowledge-gathering systems — at least in their initial phase.
Learning theory (education) – Theory that describes how students receive, process, and retain knowledge during learning Constructivism (philosophy of education) – Theory of knowledge; Radical behaviorism – Term pioneered by B.F. Skinner; Instructional design – Process for design and development of learning resources
The law of effect, or Thorndike's law, is a psychology principle advanced by Edward Thorndike in 1898 on the matter of behavioral conditioning (not then formulated as such) which states that "responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a ...
Functionalism [2] opposed the prevailing structuralism of psychology of the late 19th century. Edward Titchener, the main structuralist, gave psychology its first definition as a science of the study of mental experience, of consciousness, to be studied by trained introspection.
Operant conditioning originated with Edward Thorndike, whose law of effect theorised that behaviors arise as a result of consequences as satisfying or discomforting. In the 20th century, operant conditioning was studied by behavioral psychologists, who believed that much of mind and behaviour is explained through environmental conditioning.
Thorndike's experiment established the field of comparative cognition and an experimental science and not simply a conceptual thought. [11] The progressive decrease in escape time observed by Thorndike's cats lead to his development of the Law of Effect , which states that actions and behaviors conducted by the organism which result in a ...
From this, developmental psychologists proposed theories on operant learning in children. That research was applied to education and the treatment of illness in young children. [10] Skinner's theory of operant conditioning played a key role in helping psychologists understand how behavior is learned.