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In this modified version of balanced scorecard design, managers select a few strategic objectives within each of the perspectives, and then define the cause-effect chain among these objectives by drawing links between them to create a "strategic linkage model". A balanced scorecard of strategic performance measures is then derived directly by ...
On the Balanced Scorecard. Kaplan R S and Norton D P (1992) "The balanced scorecard: measures that drive performance", Harvard Business Review Jan – Feb, pp. 71–80. Kaplan R S and Norton D P (1993) "Putting the Balanced Scorecard to Work", Harvard Business Review Sep – Oct, pp. 2–16. Kaplan R S and Norton D P (1996) "Using the balanced ...
In management, a strategy map is a diagram that documents the strategic goals being pursued by an organization or management team.It is an element of the documentation associated with the Balanced Scorecard, and in particular is characteristic of the second generation of Balanced Scorecard designs that first appeared during the mid-1990s.
In business performance management, a third-generation balanced scorecard is a version of the traditional balanced scorecard, a structured report, supported by design methods and automated tools, that can be used by managers to keep track of the execution of activities by the staff within their control, and to monitor the consequences arising from these actions.
Several instruments and tools are available for visualizing the GQM model (e.g., as an abstraction sheet or a GQM tree). Balanced Scorecard (BSC) [10] links strategic objectives and measures. The typical visualization consists of four perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth.
Balanced Scorecard Step-by-Step for Government and Nonprofit Agencies By Paul R. Niven ISBN 0-470-18002-1 ISBN 978-0470180020 Strategic Planning and Management for Library Managers By Joseph R. Matthews ISBN 1-59158-231-8 ISBN 978-1591582311
A reference model—in systems, enterprise, and software engineering—is an abstract framework or domain-specific ontology consisting of an interlinked set of clearly defined concepts produced by an expert or body of experts to encourage clear communication. A reference model can represent the component parts of any consistent idea, from ...
IT investments are not liquid, like stocks and bonds (although investment portfolios may also include illiquid assets), and are measured using both financial and non-financial yardsticks (for example, a balanced scorecard approach); a purely financial view is not sufficient. Finally, assets in an IT portfolio have a functional relationship to ...