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Graph of world population over the past 12,000 years . As a general rule, the confidence of estimates on historical world population decreases for the more distant past. Robust population data exist only for the last two or three centuries. Until the late 18th century, few governments had ever performed an accurate census.
The median age of the world's population is estimated to be 31 years in 2020, [9] and is expected to rise to 37.9 years by 2050. [73] According to the World Health Organization, the global average life expectancy is 73.3 years as of 2020, with women living an average of 75.9 years and men approximately 70.8 years. [74]
[3] [4] Old estimates put the global population at 9 billion by 2037–2046, 14 years after 8 billion, and 10 billion by 2054–2071, 17 years after 9 billion; however these milestones are likely to be reached far sooner.
Population of the world from 10,000 BC to 2000 AD (logarithmic scale) Estimating the ancestral population of anatomically modern humans, Colin McEvedy and Richard Jones chose bounds based on gorilla and chimpanzee population densities of 1/km 2 and 3-4/km 2, [1] respectively, then assumed that as Homo erectus moved up the food chain, they lost an order of magnitude in density.
The current world population growth is approximately 1.09%. [7] People under 15 years of age made up over a quarter of the world population (25.18%), and people age 65 and over made up nearly ten percent (9.69%) in 2021. [7] The world population more than tripled during the 20th century from about 1.65 billion in 1900 to 5.97 billion in 1999.
Based on a dataset of average population density of hunter-gatherer groups collected by Lewis R. Binford, which indicate a mean density of 0.1223 humans per km 2 and a median density of 0.0444 humans per km 2, the combined human population of Africa and Eurasia at the time of the LGM would have been between 2,998,820 and 8,260,262 people.
The UN Population Division has calculated the future population of the world's countries, based on current demographic trends. The UN's 2024 report projects world population to be 8.1 billion in 2024, about 9.6 billion in 2050, and about 10.2 billion in 2100. The following table shows the largest 15 countries by population as of 2024, 2050 and ...
Historical demography is the quantitative study of human population in the past. It is concerned with population size, with the three basic components of population change (fertility, mortality, and migration), and with population characteristics related to those components, such as marriage, socioeconomic status, and the configuration of families.