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The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States from September 9, 1850, [1] until January 6, 1912. [2] It was created from the U.S. provisional government of New Mexico, as a result of Nuevo México becoming part of the American frontier after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
The history of New Mexico is based on archaeological evidence, attesting to the varying cultures of humans occupying the area of New Mexico since approximately 9200 BCE, and written records. The earliest peoples had migrated from northern areas of North America after leaving Siberia via the Bering Land Bridge .
U.S. Military Province of New Mexico, 1846; U.S. Provisional Government of New Mexico 1846–1850; Unorganized territory created by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848–1850; State of Deseret (extralegal), 1849–1850; Proposed state of New Mexico, 1850; Territory of New Mexico, 1850–1912 [1] Gadsden Purchase of 1853; American Civil War ...
Some New Mexico citizens encouraged killing the Navajo or at least removing them from their lands. The 1865 and 1866 corn crop was sufficient, but in 1867 it was a total failure. Army officers and Indian agents realized that Bosque Redondo was a failure, as it had poor water and too little firewood for the numbers of people who were living there.
Roman Catholicism is deeply rooted in New Mexico's history and culture, going back to its settlement by the Spanish in the early 17th century. The oldest Christian church in the continental U.S., and the third oldest in any U.S. state or territory, is the San Miguel Mission in Santa Fe, which was built in 1610.
Antonio José Martínez (January 17, 1793 [1] – July 27, 1867 [2]) was a New Mexican priest, educator, publisher, rancher, farmer, community leader, and politician.He lived through and influenced three distinct periods of New Mexico's history: the Spanish period, the Mexican period, and the American occupation and subsequent territorial period.
After New Mexico territory passed to American rule following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which ended the Mexican–American War in 1848, the issue of slavery in the new territory became a major issue, with the Whigs wanting to keep Mexico's ban on slavery and the Democrats wanting to introduce it.
The U.S. government would later list 282 Spanish and Mexican land grants in New Mexico and Colorado totaling in area 34,653,346 acres (14,023,712 ha) [2] (54,146 square miles), an area larger than the country of England and about the same size as the state of New York. However, the U.S. required that all land grants be "confirmed" (determined ...