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The bumps tend to be flat, grow in number, and then merge to form plaques. [1] On the trunk, it typically appears like pityriasis versicolor; lesions are slightly scaly and tan, brown, red, or looking pale. [1] On the elbows, it may appear like psoriasis. [1] On the forehead, neck, and trunk, the lesions may appear like seborrheic keratosis. [1]
A 12-week daily treatment with salicylic acid has been shown to lead to a complete clearance of warts in 10–15% of the cases. [ 16 ] Formic acid , topical, is a common treatment for plantar warts, which works by being applied over a period of time, causing the body to reject the wart.
The estimated current rate of non-genital warts among the general population is 1–13%. [1] They are more common among young people. [1] Prior to widespread adoption of the HPV vaccine, the estimated rate of genital warts in sexually active women was 12%. [5] Warts have been described as far back as 400 BC by Hippocrates. [4]
Verrucous carcinoma is a type of squamous cell carcinoma that may be associated with HPV infection (may be subtypes 16 or 18, but types 6 and 11 have also been reported, as have HPV negative variants). Several subtypes of verrucous carcinoma have been described.
Epithelioma cuniculatum (also known as Carcinoma cuniculatum, [11]: 654 and Ackerman tumor [12]) is a subtype of verrucous carcinoma, [13] characterized by well-differentiated epithelial cells which lack cytological atypia, but display a blunt papillary/pebbly surface and keratin-filled crypts extending deep into the connective tissue. [14]
A piece of duct tape was cut as close to the size of the wart as possible, and applied to the area. The tape was left on for 6 days and replaced with new duct tape if it fell off. After 6 days, the tape was removed, the area soaked in water, and the wart debrided with an emery board or pumice stone. The tape was left off overnight and reapplied ...
[1] [2] Most often, these lesions affect the hands, legs, or face, and a linear arrangement is not uncommon. [2] At histopathology , flat warts have cells with prominent perinuclear vacuolization around pyknotic , basophilic , centrally located nuclei that may be located in the granular layer . [ 3 ]
The Koebner phenomenon or Köbner phenomenon (UK: / ˈ k ɜː b n ər /, US: / ˈ k ɛ b-/), [1] also called the Koebner response or the isomorphic response, attributed to Heinrich Köbner, is the appearance of skin lesions on lines of trauma. [2] The Koebner phenomenon may result from either a linear exposure or irritation.