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The Nation was made up of scattered peoples mostly living in the Cherokee Nation–West and the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians (both residing in the Indian Territory by the 1840s), and the Cherokee Nation–East (Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians); these became the three federally recognized tribes of Cherokee in the 20th century.
The Principal Chief was elected by the National Council, which was the legislature of the Nation. The Cherokee Nation–West adopted a similar constitution in 1833. In 1839 most of the reunited nation was reunited in Indian Territory, after forced removal from the Southeast. There they adopted one constitution.
After Cherokee removal on the Trail of Tears, the Cherokee Nation existed in Indian Territory.After the American Civil War, the United States promised the Cherokee Nation "a permanent homeland" in an 1866 treaty.
In 2015, the Cherokee Nation, the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, and the Eastern Band of Cherokees had a combined enrolled population of roughly 344,700. [ 2 ] Over 200 groups claim to be Cherokee nations, tribes, or bands. [ 117 ]
On June 22, 1839, in the Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory, Major Ridge, John Ridge and Elias Boudinot were assassinated by a party of twenty-five Ross supporters. They included Daniel Colston, John Vann, Archibald Spear, James Spear, Joseph Spear, Hunter, and others.
Census of the Cherokee Nation estimated 5000 Cherokee in the west counted the following people in the east: Georgia: 8946 Indians, 776 slaves, 68 whites; North Carolina: 3644 Indians, 37 slaves, 22 whites (this excluded the Oconaluftee under Yonaguska in Haywood County, North Carolina, who were considered state citizens); Tennessee: 2528 ...
Map of the Former Territorial Limits of the Cherokee "Nation of" Indians Exhibiting Various Cessations Made by Them to the Colonies and the United States, C.C. Royce, 1884. The historic Cherokee settlements were Cherokee settlements established in Southeastern North America up to the removals of the early 19th century.
The Eastern and Western Cherokees reconciled and formed a unified government with a new constitution. Judge Martin was elected as the first Chief Justice of the reconstituted Cherokee Supreme Court in Indian Territory. He served his nation in this capacity until his death from "Brain fever" on October 17, 1840, in Fort Gibson. [4]