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Edgar Allan Poe, author of the book, A Few Words on Secret Writing, an essay on cryptanalysis, and The Gold Bug, a short story featuring the use of letter frequencies in the solution of a cryptogram. Johannes Trithemius, mystic and first to describe tableaux (tables) for use in polyalphabetic substitution.
The Aristocrat Cipher, often referred to as the 'Aristocrat of Puzzles,' represented a significant shift in the paradigm of cryptography, particularly within the American Cryptogram Association, which popularized this challenging form of monoalphabetic substitution cipher.
Olivier Levasseur's treasure cryptogram Unsolved 1760–1780 Copiale cipher: Solved in 2011 1843 "The Gold-Bug" cryptogram by Edgar Allan Poe: Solved (solution given within the short story) 1882 Debosnys cipher: Unsolved 1885 Beale ciphers: Partially solved (1 out of the 3 ciphertexts solved between 1845 and 1885) 1897 Dorabella Cipher ...
The American Cryptogram Association (ACA) is an American non-profit organization devoted to the hobby of cryptography, with an emphasis on types of codes, ciphers, and cryptograms that can be solved either with pencil and paper, or with computers, but not computer-only systems.
"The Alphabet Cipher" was a brief study published by Lewis Carroll in 1868, describing how to use the alphabet to send encrypted codes. [1] It was one of four ciphers he invented between 1858 and 1868, and one of two polyalphabetic ciphers he devised during that period and used to write letters to his friends.
Part of the cryptogram in The Dancing Men Frequency analysis has been described in fiction. Edgar Allan Poe 's " The Gold-Bug " and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes tale " The Adventure of the Dancing Men " are examples of stories which describe the use of frequency analysis to attack simple substitution ciphers.
801–873 A.D. – Cryptanalysis and frequency analysis leading to techniques for breaking monoalphabetic substitution ciphers are developed in A Manuscript on Deciphering Cryptographic Messages by the Muslim mathematician, Al-Kindi (Alkindus), who may have been inspired by textual analysis of the Qur'an.
The cipher's key is , the number of rails.If is known, the ciphertext can be decrypted by using the above algorithm. Values of equal to or greater than , the length of the ciphertext, are not usable, since then the ciphertext is the same as the plaintext.