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Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are symptoms that are archetypically associated with the extrapyramidal system of the brain's cerebral cortex. When such symptoms are caused by medications or other drugs, they are also known as extrapyramidal side effects (EPSE). The symptoms can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term).
Oculogyric crisis. Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a rare sudden, paroxysmal, dystonic reaction that may manifest in response to specific drugs, particularly neuroleptics, or medical conditions, such as movement disorders. This neurological phenomenon is characterized by a sustained dystonic, conjugate, involuntary upward deviation of both eyes ...
Akathisia (IPA: /æ.kə.ˈθɪ.si.ə/) is a movement disorder [5] characterized by a subjective feeling of inner restlessness accompanied by mental distress and/or an inability to sit still. [6][4] Usually, the legs are most prominently affected. [2] Those affected may fidget, rock back and forth, or pace, [7] while some may just have an uneasy ...
List of potential long-term side effects. hyperprolactinemia causes impotence in males. [16] Hyponatremia low sodium blood levels. There has been a study that suggests antipsychotics are associated with possible cortical reconfiguration and gray matter loss, but correlational data also suggests patients who consume antipsychotics, like people ...
Athetosis is a symptom characterized by slow, involuntary, convoluted, writhing movements of the fingers, hands, toes, and feet and in some cases, arms, legs, neck and tongue. [1] Movements typical of athetosis are sometimes called athetoid movements. Lesions to the brain are most often the direct cause of the symptoms, particularly to the ...
Psychomotor agitation is a symptom in various disorders and health conditions. It is characterized by unintentional and purposeless motions and restlessness, often but not always accompanied by emotional distress. Typical manifestations include pacing around, wringing of the hands, uncontrolled tongue movement, pulling off clothing and putting ...
Hemiballismus or hemiballism is a basal ganglia syndrome resulting from damage to the subthalamic nucleus in the basal ganglia. [1] Hemiballismus is a rare hyperkinetic movement disorder, [2] that is characterized by violent involuntary limb movements, [1] [3] on one side of the body, [4] and can cause significant disability. [5]
Frequency. 15 per 100,000 per year (on neuroleptics) [1] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare [5][6] but life-threatening reaction that can occur in response to antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medications. [1] Symptoms include high fever, confusion, rigid muscles, variable blood pressure, sweating, and fast heart rate. [1]