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Condition numbers can also be defined for nonlinear functions, and can be computed using calculus.The condition number varies with the point; in some cases one can use the maximum (or supremum) condition number over the domain of the function or domain of the question as an overall condition number, while in other cases the condition number at a particular point is of more interest.
The probability density function (PDF) for the Wilson score interval, plus PDF s at interval bounds. Tail areas are equal. Since the interval is derived by solving from the normal approximation to the binomial, the Wilson score interval ( , + ) has the property of being guaranteed to obtain the same result as the equivalent z-test or chi-squared test.
NTL is a C++ library for number theory. OpenFOAM is an open-source C++ library for solving partial differential equations in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). SU2 code is an open-source library for solving partial differential equations with the finite volume or finite element method.
The decision to condition on the margins of the table is also controversial. [20] [21] The p-values derived from Fisher's test come from the distribution that conditions on the margin totals. In this sense, the test is exact only for the conditional distribution and not the original table where the margin totals may change from experiment to ...
In computer science and mathematical logic, satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) is the problem of determining whether a mathematical formula is satisfiable.It generalizes the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to more complex formulas involving real numbers, integers, and/or various data structures such as lists, arrays, bit vectors, and strings.
The geometric interpretation of Newton's method is that at each iteration, it amounts to the fitting of a parabola to the graph of () at the trial value , having the same slope and curvature as the graph at that point, and then proceeding to the maximum or minimum of that parabola (in higher dimensions, this may also be a saddle point), see below.
SciPy (pronounced / ˈ s aɪ p aɪ / "sigh pie" [2]) is a free and open-source Python library used for scientific computing and technical computing. [3]SciPy contains modules for optimization, linear algebra, integration, interpolation, special functions, FFT, signal and image processing, ODE solvers and other tasks common in science and engineering.
A variation of the Theil–Sen estimator, the repeated median regression of Siegel (1982), determines for each sample point (x i, y i), the median m i of the slopes (y j − y i)/(x j − x i) of lines through that point, and then determines the overall estimator as the median of these medians.