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The labial frenulum, also known as lip-tie, often attaches to the center of the upper lip and between the upper two front teeth. This can cause a large gap and gum recession by pulling the gums off the bone. A labial frenectomy removes the labial frenulum. Orthodontic patients often have this procedure done to assist with closing a front tooth gap.
It can refer to frenula in several places on the human body. It is related to frenuloplasty, a surgical alteration in a frenulum. Done mostly for orthodontic purposes, a frenectomy is either performed inside the middle of the upper lip, which is called labial frenectomy, or under the tongue, called lingual frenectomy.
Small defects of the upper and lower lip can be closed primarily. For the upper lip, defects of up to 1/4 (25%) of the lip may be closed primarily. For the lower lip, defects of up to 1/3 of the lip may be closed primarily. This means the edges of the defect are simply sutured together in three layers: oral mucosa, muscle, and skin.
The skin of the face is thicker than the skin overlying the lips where blood vessels are closer to the surface. As a consequence, the margin of the lips shows a transition between the thicker and thinner skin, represented by the vermilion border. It therefore has the appearance of a sharp line between the coloured edge of the lip and adjoining ...
Cupid's bow feature of a human lip. The upper and lower lips are referred to as the labium superius oris and labium inferius oris, respectively. [2] [3] The juncture where the lips meet the surrounding skin of the mouth area is the vermilion border, [4] and the typically reddish area within the borders is called the vermilion zone. [5]
Thick frenum attachment or close attachment to gum margin can contribute to increased plaque accumulation, persistent inflammation, muscular pull on gum and affect gum contour. [6] Usual sites for frenectomy are buccal regions of upper and lower incisors, upper canines and premolars. Frenectomy is rarely required for lingual sites. [6]
The commissure is the corner of the mouth, where the vermillion border of the superior labium (upper lip) meets that of the inferior labium (lower lip). The commissure is important in facial appearance, particularly during some functions, including smiling. As such it is of interest to dental surgeons.
Anatomy of the human mouth, including the frenulum of the tongue. A frenulum / ˈ f r ɛ n j ʊ l əm / or frenum / ˈ f r iː n əm / (pl.: frenula or frena, from the Latin frēnulum, "little bridle", the diminutive of frēnum [1]) is a small fold of tissue that secures the motion of a mobile organ in the body.