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Expressed emotion (EE), is a measure of the family environment that is based on how the relatives of a psychiatric patient spontaneously talk about the patient. [1] It specifically measures three to five aspects of the family environment: the most important are critical comments, hostility, emotional over-involvement, with positivity and warmth sometimes also included as indications of a low ...
One appraisal model has developed the law of situational meaning, which states that emotions tend to be evoked by certain kinds of events. For example, grief is elicited by personal loss. In this case, personal loss would be the appraisal and one can be expressed through emotional expressions. [27]
Culture affects every aspect of emotions. Identifying which emotions are good or bad, when emotions are appropriate to be expressed, and even how they should be displayed are all influenced by culture. Even more importantly, cultures differently affect emotions, meaning that exploring cultural contexts is key to understanding emotions.
Such markers can express emotion. Adding an exclamation mark to a sentence ("Thank you!") can emphasize a sense of gratitude. Similarly, using a smiley emoji or emoticon, such as "Thank you :)", can add a friendly and cheerful tone to the message. Punctuation can clarify meaning. For example, "Come" and "Come!" can have different nuances.
Expressed emotions and adaptive functions [6] Expressed emotion Initial physiological function Evolved communicative function Fear: Increased visual field and speed of eye movement from widened eyes. Sensory hypersensitization (e.g. hearing and touch). Substantial adrenal response (e.g. Vomiting and bodily fluid evacuation).
For example, an expressive hairstyle, a show of a particular emotion, or simply doing (or not doing) the dishes can be means by which people may convey messages to each other. Behavioral communication can be understood as a variable of individual differences .
Darwin's hypothesis concerning emotion stated that the way emotions are expressed is universal, and therefore independent of culture. [5] Ekman and Friesen conducted a study to test this theory. The study included introducing basic emotions found in the western world and introduced them to different cultures around the world (Japan, Brazil ...
The lack of typical auditory and visual cues associated with human emotion gives rise to alternative forms of emotional expression that are cohesive with many different virtual environments. Some environments provide only space for text based communication, [1] where emotions can only be expressed using words. More newly developed forms of ...