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The Dering Roll [1] is the oldest English roll of arms surviving in its original form. It was made between 1270 and 1280 and contains the coat of arms of 324 knights, starting with two illegitimate children of King John. Sir Edward Dering [2] acquired the roll during the 17th century and modified it to include a fictitious ancestor of his own. [3]
A roll of arms (or armorial) is a collection of coats of arms, usually consisting of rows of painted pictures of shields, each shield accompanied by the name of the person bearing the arms. The oldest extant armorials date to the mid-13th century, and armorial manuscripts continued to be produced throughout the early modern period .
Dering's antiquarian interests led him to amass a great library; his name is still associated with: the Dering Roll, an important 13th century Roll of arms, believed to be the earliest surviving English roll of arms. In 2008, the Roll was purchased by the British Library. [7]
The arms of de Crioll appear in several of the earliest armorial rolls. The shield for Nicholas de Crioll is the one which was erased (presumably on the initiative of Sir Edward Dering) from the heraldic roll of c. 1280 known as the Dering Roll, to make way for Sir Edward's suppositious ancestor Richard fitz Dering. [67]
Dering Roll, c. 1270, Dover, one of the oldest extant rolls of arms, showing the coats of arms as yet without helmets or any other achievements. Part of the Zürich armorial (c. 1340), an early example of the tradition of representing coats of arms with a representation of helmet and crest.
Heraldry developed in the High Middle Ages based on earlier traditions of visual identification by means of seals, field signs, emblems used on coins, etc. Notably, lions that would subsequently appear in 12th-century coats of arms of European nobility have pre-figurations in the animal style of ancient art (specifically the style of Scythian art as it developed from c. the 7th century BC).
English: Arms of De Montfort: Bendy of eight or and azure, as shown in the Dering Roll (1270/80) for Peter de Montfort (no.83 Peres de Muntfort (Piers de Montfort)) (Mountford, lord of the manor of "Beldesert" (w:Beaudesert, Warwickshire))
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