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The first shuttle coasters were in fact the first roller coasters ever built. Inspired by the so-called "Russian Mountains," these wheeled cars built on tracks found popularity in the early 19th century in Paris. In 1884, Switchback Railway opened at Coney Island, and consisted of a car that traveled on two tracks between two towers.
First roller coaster to use a hydraulic propulsion system: Xcelerator, Knott's Berry Farm. First roller coaster with ten inversions: Colossus, Thorpe Park, Chertsey, Surrey, United Kingdom. [16] First roller coaster with seats that rotate on a horizontal axis (4th dimension roller coaster): X², Six Flags Magic Mountain.
By 1919, the first underfriction roller coaster had been developed by John Miller. [18] Over the next decade, roller coasters spread to amusement parks around the world and began an era in the industry often referred to as the "Golden Age". One of the most well known from the period is the historical Cyclone that opened at Coney Island in 1927.
Shuttle Loop is a type of steel launched shuttle roller coaster designed by Reinhold Spieldiener of Intamin and manufactured by Anton Schwarzkopf. [1] A total of 12 installations were produced between 1977 and 1982. These 12 installations have been located in a total of 22 different amusement parks.
It was the first roller coaster in the modern era to feature a vertical loop. [2] The vertical loop became a signature element used in many of Schwarzkopf's designs, including King Kobra at Kings Dominion in 1977, one of the first Shuttle Loop designs, and Shock Wave at Six Flags Over Texas in 1978, which featured consecutive vertical loops.
Backety-Back Scenic Railway was built in 1909 by Pennsylvanian John H. Brown and construction of the coaster cost $50,000. [6] Backety-Back Scenic Railway was the only roller coaster Brown would ever build. [7] In 1904, however, he patented the unique track-reversal design which made the coaster a predecessor to modern shuttle roller coasters. [8]
Revolution, formerly Irn Bru Revolution, is an Arrow Development shuttle roller coaster at Pleasure Beach Resort. It was Europe's first fully looping roller coaster. The ride consists of two raised sections of track with a vertical loop in the centre. The train is launched off the first raised platform, into the loop, and up onto the second ...
Shuttle Loop coaster The first looping roller coaster in Kennywood's history, as well as the first with a launch. The ride was removed after 10 years of operation to make room for Steel Phantom, which re-uses Laser Loop's station.