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Cycads all over the world are in decline, with four species on the brink of extinction and seven species have fewer than 100 plants left in the wild. [2] 23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent.
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Encephalartos laevifolius is a species of cycad that is found in the KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces of South Africa, [2] and at Piggs Peak in Eswatini. The species is facing extinction in the wild, but is widely cultivated. As of 2012, the Encephalartos laevifolius has been listed as critically endangered by the IUCN. [3]
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Unambiguous fossils of cycads are known from the Early-Middle Permian onwards. [26] Cycads were generally uncommon during the Permian. [27] The two living cycad families are thought to have split from each other sometime between the Jurassic [17] and Carboniferous. [28] Cycads are thought to have reached their apex of diversity during the ...
Encephalartos altensteinii is a palm-like cycad in the family Zamiaceae. It is endemic to South Africa. The species name altensteinii commemorates Altenstein, a 19th-century German chancellor and patron of science. [4] It is commonly known as the breadtree, broodboom, Eastern Cape giant cycad or uJobane . [5]
Encephalartos afer, [4] commonly known as the Eastern Cape dwarf cycad, is a species of cycad in the genus Encephalartos. It is a near threatened species native to South Africa . Description
Encephalartos lehmannii is a low-growing palm-like cycad in the family Zamiaceae.It is commonly known as the Karoo cycad and is endemic to South Africa. [3] The species name lehmannii commemorates Prof J.G.C. Lehmann, a German botanist who studied the cycads and published a book on them in 1834. [3]