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Thus a consensus sequence is a model for a putative DNA binding site: it is obtained by aligning all known examples of a certain recognition site and defined as the idealized sequence that represents the predominant base at each position. All the actual examples shouldn't differ from the consensus by more than a few substitutions, but counting ...
By convention, if the base sequence of a single strand of DNA is given, the left end of the sequence is the 5′ end, while the right end of the sequence is the 3′ end. The strands of the double helix are anti-parallel, with one being 5′ to 3′, and the opposite strand 3′ to 5′.
DNA replication is semi-conservative and an asymmetric process itself. [6] This asymmetry is due to the formation of the replication fork and its division into nascent leading and lagging strands. The leading strand is synthesized continuously and in juxtapose to the leading strand; the lagging strand is replicated through short fragments of ...
The TATA box consensus sequence is TATAWAW, where W is either A or T. In molecular biology, the TATA box (also called the Goldberg–Hogness box) [1] is a sequence of DNA found in the core promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes. [2] The bacterial homolog of the TATA box is called the Pribnow box which has a shorter consensus sequence.
The replicator is the entire DNA sequence (including, but not limited to the origin of replication) required to direct the initiation of DNA replication. The initiator is the protein that recognizes the replicator and activates replication initiation.
Element A is highly conserved, consisting of the consensus sequence: 5'- T/A T T T A Y R T T T T/A -3' (where Y is either pyrimidine and R is either purine). When this element is mutated, the ARS loses all activity. As seen above the ARS are considerably A-T rich which makes it easy for replicative proteins to disrupt the H-bonding in that area.
The sequence at -10 (the -10 element) has the consensus sequence TATAAT. The sequence at -35 (the -35 element) has the consensus sequence TTGACA. The above consensus sequences, while conserved on average, are not found intact in most promoters. On average, only 3 to 4 of the 6 base pairs in each consensus sequence are found in any given promoter.
Repeated sequences (also known as repetitive elements, repeating units or repeats) are short or long patterns that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome.In many organisms, a significant fraction of the genomic DNA is repetitive, with over two-thirds of the sequence consisting of repetitive elements in humans. [1]