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Hertfordshire puddingstone is a silica-cemented conglomerate composed of rounded flint pebbles and cobbles with matrix of fine sand and silica cement. The Hertfordshire Puddingstone is characterized by silica-cemented flint gravel that is brown to deep red in colour and often exhibits black exteriors and thin rinds on cut or polished surfaces.
Natural stone is used as architectural stone (construction, flooring, cladding, counter tops, curbing, etc.) and as raw block and monument stone for the funerary trade. Natural stone is also used in custom stone engraving. The engraved stone can be either decorative or functional. Natural memorial stones are used as natural burial markers.
A voussoir (/ v u ˈ s w ɑːr /) is a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, which is used in building an arch or vault. [1] Although each unit in an arch or vault is a voussoir, two units are of distinct functional importance: the keystone and the springer. The keystone is the centre stone or masonry unit at the apex of an arch.
Ashlar (/ ˈ æ ʃ l ər /) is a cut and dressed stone, worked using a chisel to achieve a specific form, typically rectangular in shape. The term can also refer to a structure built from such stones. [1] Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, and is generally rectangular . It was described by Vitruvius as opus isodomum or trapezoidal.
A stone seat which runs round the walls of large churches, and sometimes round the piers; it very generally is placed in the porches. Bond Brickwork with overlapping bricks. Types of bond include stretcher, English, header, Flemish, garden wall, herringbone, basket, American, and Chinese. Boss 1. A roughly cut stone set in place for later ...
Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts , also called Belgian blocks , are often referred to as "cobbles", [ 1 ] although a sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried and shaped into a regular form, while cobblestones are naturally ...
The walls are built up to the desired height layer-by-layer (course by course) and, at intervals, large tie-stones or through stones are placed which span both faces of the wall and sometimes protrude. These have the effect of bonding what would otherwise be two thin walls leaning against each other, greatly increasing the strength of the wall.
The stone blocks saw little popularity until 1880, when Friedrich Adolf Richter, a wealthy businessman who had built a small empire in Rudolstadt, purchased the rights to the process for 1,000 marks, plus about 4800 marks (including 800 marks still owing) for the tooling and machines being used to produce them. He developed a series of sets of ...