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Trim drag, denoted as Dm in the diagram, is the component of aerodynamic drag on an aircraft created by the flight control surfaces, [1] mainly elevators and trimable horizontal stabilizers, when they are used to offset changes in pitching moment and centre of gravity during flight.
A Boeing 737 uses an adjustable stabilizer, moved by a jackscrew, to provide the required pitch trim forces. Generic stabilizer illustrated. A horizontal stabilizer is used to maintain the aircraft in longitudinal balance, or trim: [3] it exerts a vertical force at a distance so the summation of pitch moments about the center of gravity is zero. [4]
Grumman F-14 Tomcat jet fighter during a takeoff, with stabilators deflected upwards. A stabilator is a fully movable aircraft horizontal stabilizer.It serves the usual functions of longitudinal stability, control and stick force requirements [1] otherwise performed by the separate parts of a conventional horizontal stabilizer (which is fixed) and elevator (which is adjustable).
The rolleron is a relatively simple and cost-effective stabilizing device. [7] The core element of a rolleron is a metal flywheel that is typically positioned at the trailing end of a fin . The wheel has notches cut into its circumference; these notches intentionally protrude as to maximize their interaction with the airflow.
Flight spoilers operating as speed brakes on Airbus A320 Air brakes on the rear fuselage of a Eurowings BAe 146-300 Convair F-106 Delta Dart air brake deployed A U.S. Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcon showing its split speed brakes inboard of the stabilators or "tailerons" An F-15 landing with its large dorsal air brake panel deployed Extended DFS-type air brakes on a Slingsby Capstan
Transonic (or transsonic) flow is air flowing around an object at a speed that generates regions of both subsonic and supersonic airflow around that object. [1] The exact range of speeds depends on the object's critical Mach number, but transonic flow is seen at flight speeds close to the speed of sound (343 m/s at sea level), typically between Mach 0.8 and 1.2.
Flight Controller Name Manufacturer Supported Firmware Hardware Standard Main Processor Main Processor Clock Flash Memory RAM Failsafe Co-Processor Price (USD) @ Supplier 2022/11/18 IMU / Sensors Note Autopilot 1x Veronte Embention: Propietary (user-programmable) DO178C DO254 / DO160 Texas Instruments Dual-Core NA NA NA Yes 6000 3x IMU
Although the project was eventually cancelled, the research was used to construct an uncrewed 30% scale model of the M.52 that went on to achieve a speed of Mach 1.38 in a successful, controlled transonic and supersonic level test flight in October 1948; this was a unique achievement at that time which provided "some validation of the ...