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In contract bridge, the Rule of 11 is applied when the opening lead is the fourth best from the defender's suit. [1] By subtracting the rank of the card led from 11, the partner of the opening leader can determine how many cards higher than the card led are held by declarer, dummy and himself; by deduction of those in dummy and in his own hand, he can determine the number in declarer's hand.
The Laws of Duplicate Bridge (also known as the Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge and the Laws of Contract Bridge) is the official rule book of duplicate bridge promulgated by the World Bridge Federation (WBF). The first Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge were published in 1928. [1]
Duplicate bridge is a variation of contract bridge where the same set of bridge deals (i.e., the distribution of the 52 cards among the four hands) are played by different competitors, and scoring is based on relative performance. In this way, every hand, whether strong or weak, is played in competition with others playing identical cards, and ...
The official rules of duplicate bridge are promulgated by the WBF as "The Laws of Duplicate Bridge 2017". [47] The Laws Committee of the WBF, composed of world experts, updates the Laws every 10 years; it also issues a Laws Commentary advising on interpretations it has rendered.
In duplicate bridge only, game and partial-game bonuses are awarded at the conclusion of each deal as follows: any partial contract, i.e. one scoring less than 100 contract points, scores a bonus of 50 points, and; any game contract, i.e. one scoring 100 or more points, scores a game bonus of 300 if not vulnerable and 500 if vulnerable.
Théorie Mathématique du Bridge. Gauthier-Villars. Second French edition by the authors in 1954. Translated and edited into English by Alec Traub as The Mathematical Theory of Bridge; printed in 1974 in Taiwan through the assistance of C.C. Wei. Kelsey, Hugh; Glauert, Michael (1980). Bridge Odds for Practical Players. Master Bridge Series.
from a suit headed by an honour, defender generally leads the fourth best card, allowing partner to employ the Rule of 11; from an honourless suit, the highest or second-highest is normally led, especially against suit contracts; some partnerships lead fourth best against notrump though. From hands containing both A and K
In contract bridge and particularly in duplicate bridge a convention card is a summary of the conventions and treatments that a particular pair is using. [1] The Laws of Duplicate Bridge specify that "Each partnership has a duty to make available its partnership understandings to opponents before commencing play against them."