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  2. Binary-to-text encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-to-text_encoding

    For example, the capital letter A is represented in 7 bits as 100 0001 2, 0x41 (101 8) , the numeral 2 is 011 0010 2 0x32 (62 8), the character } is 111 1101 2 0x7D (175 8), and the Control character RETURN is 000 1101 2 0x0D (15 8). In contrast, most computers store data in memory organized in eight-bit bytes. Files that contain machine ...

  3. Percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

    To calculate a percentage of a percentage, convert both percentages to fractions of 100, or to decimals, and multiply them. For example, 50% of 40% is: ⁠ 50 / 100 ⁠ × ⁠ 40 / 100 ⁠ = 0.50 × 0.40 = 0.20 = ⁠ 20 / 100 ⁠ = 20%. It is not correct to divide by 100 and use the percent sign at the same time; it would literally imply ...

  4. Digitization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitization

    The term digitization is often used when diverse forms of information, such as an object, text, sound, image, or voice, are converted into a single binary code.The core of the process is the compromise between the capturing device and the player device so that the rendered result represents the original source with the most possible fidelity, and the advantage of digitization is the speed and ...

  5. Probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability

    The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1; the larger the probability, the more likely an event is to occur. [note 1] [1] [2] This number is often expressed as a percentage (%), ranging from 0% to 100%. A simple example is the tossing of a fair (unbiased) coin.

  6. Units of information - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_information

    When b is 2, the unit is the shannon, equal to the information content of one "bit". A system with 8 possible states, for example, can store up to log 2 8 = 3 bits of information. Other units that have been named include: Base b = 3 the unit is called "trit", and is equal to log 2 3 (≈ 1.585) bits. [3] Base b = 10

  7. 40 (number) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/40_(number)

    40 is an abundant number.. Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler noted 40 prime numbers generated by the quadratic polynomial + +, with values =,,,...,.These forty prime numbers are the same prime numbers that are generated using the polynomial + with values of from 1 through 40, and are also known in this context as Euler's "lucky" numbers.

  8. Square number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_number

    Square number 16 as sum of gnomons. In mathematics, a square number or perfect square is an integer that is the square of an integer; [1] in other words, it is the product of some integer with itself. For example, 9 is a square number, since it equals 3 2 and can be written as 3 × 3.

  9. 140 (number) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/140_(number)

    140 is a square pyramidal number. 140 is an abundant number and a harmonic divisor number. [1] It is the sum of the squares of the first seven integers, which makes it a square pyramidal number. 140 is an odious number because it has an odd number of ones in its binary representation.