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In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a graph labeling is the assignment of labels, traditionally represented by integers, to edges and/or vertices of a graph. [ 1 ] Formally, given a graph G = ( V , E ) , a vertex labeling is a function of V to a set of labels; a graph with such a function defined is called a vertex-labeled graph .
Given a function: from a set X (the domain) to a set Y (the codomain), the graph of the function is the set [4] = {(, ()):}, which is a subset of the Cartesian product.In the definition of a function in terms of set theory, it is common to identify a function with its graph, although, formally, a function is formed by the triple consisting of its domain, its codomain and its graph.
Constant function: polynomial of degree zero, graph is a horizontal straight line; Linear function: First degree polynomial, graph is a straight line. Quadratic function: Second degree polynomial, graph is a parabola. Cubic function: Third degree polynomial. Quartic function: Fourth degree polynomial. Quintic function: Fifth degree polynomial.
Inverse function: is declared by "doing the reverse" of a given function (e.g. arcsine is the inverse of sine). Implicit function: defined implicitly by a relation between the argument(s) and the value. Piecewise function: is defined by different expressions on different intervals. Computable function: an
Given a scale or ruler, graphs can also be used to read off the value of an unknown variable plotted as a function of a known one, but this can also be done with data presented in tabular form. Graphs of functions are used in mathematics , sciences , engineering , technology , finance , and other areas.
Graph of a linear function Graph of a polynomial function, here a quadratic function. Graph of two trigonometric functions: sine and cosine. A real function is a real-valued function of a real variable, that is, a function whose codomain is the field of real numbers and whose domain is a set of real numbers that contains an interval.
A chart can represent tabular numeric data, functions or some kinds of quality structure and provides different info. The term "chart" as a graphical representation of data has multiple meanings: A data chart is a type of diagram or graph , that organizes and represents a set of numerical or qualitative data.
Graph coloring enjoys many practical applications as well as theoretical challenges. Beside the classical types of problems, different limitations can also be set on the graph, or on the way a color is assigned, or even on the color itself. It has even reached popularity with the general public in the form of the popular number puzzle Sudoku ...