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Āśrama (Sanskrit: आश्रम) is a system of stages of life discussed in Hindu texts of the ancient and medieval eras. [1] The four asramas are: Brahmacharya (student), Gṛhastha (householder), Vanaprastha (forest walker/forest dweller), and Sannyasa (renunciate). [2] The Asrama system is one facet of the Dharma concept in Hinduism. [3]
Adi Shankara, founder of Advaita Vedanta, with disciples, by Raja Ravi Varma (1904). Sannyasa (Sanskrit: संन्यास, romanized: saṃnyāsa), sometimes spelled sanyasa, is the fourth stage within the Hindu system of four life stages known as ashramas, the first three being brahmacharya (celibate student), grihastha (householder) and vanaprastha (forest dweller, retired). [1]
The Vedas discuss brahmacharya, both in the context of lifestyle and as a stage of one's life. Rig Veda, for example, in Mandala 10, Sukta 136, mentions knowledge seekers as those kesin (long-haired) and with soil-colored clothes (yellow, orange, saffron) engaged in the affairs of mananat (mind, meditation). [13]
Vānaprastha (Sanskrit: वानप्रस्थ) literally meaning 'way of the forest' or 'forest road', is the third stage in the 'Chaturasrama' [1] system of Hinduism. It represents the third of the four ashramas (stages) of human life, the other three being Brahmacharya (bachelor student, 1st stage), Grihastha (married householder, 2nd ...
[3] [4] Peetha means seat, altar or holy place where a deity resides ('sits'); it also refers to a temple or ashram where knowledge is acquired. Vyasa Gaddi refers to the ‘seat of Vyasa’. [1] The term Vyasa Peetha is also used to denote the seat where priests sits to recite the Veda's and other texts. [5] [6]
Yajur Veda: Bhurivala Sri Bharati Tirtha: Hastāmalakācārya: West Dvāraka Sharada Pīṭhaṃ: Tattvamasi (That thou art) Sama Veda: Kitavala Swami Sadanand Saraswati [5] Toṭakācārya: North Badari Jyotirmaṭha Pīṭhaṃ: Ayamātmānam brahma (This Atman is Brahman) Atharva Veda: Nandavala Swami Avimukteshwaranand Saraswati (disputed) [6]
[4] [5] [12] In contrast, Sannyasa is the stage where the individual renounces Artha and Kama, and pursues Moksha with a single minded pursuit. [ 4 ] [ 7 ] The stage "Gṛhastha" is preceded by Brahmacharya (student) stage of life, and followed by Vanaprastha (retirement, forest dweller, still an advisor to the next generation) stage.
The four Kumaras posed very complicated questions to Shiva and were very confident of their victory. But Shiva, as the supreme deity of wisdom, answered each and every question. The Kumaras accepted their defeat gracefully and asked for forgiveness. The Atharva Veda was thus added to the list of Vedas, making the total four.