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Attenuated patella alta is an extremely rare condition affecting mobility and leg strength. It is characterized by an unusually small knee cap ( patella ) that develops out of and above the joint . Typically, as the knee cap sits in the joint, it is stimulated to growth by abrasion from the opposing bones.
Patellar subluxation can be caused by osseous abnormalities, such as incorrect articulation of the femoral groove with the patella, trochlear dysplasia, or patella alta, which is a distance of greater than 20 mm between the tibial tubercle and the trochlear groove.
The medical cause of PFPS is thought to be increased pressure or on the patellofemoral joint. [7] There are several theorized mechanisms relating to how this increased pressure occurs: Increased levels of physical activity [7] Malalignment of the patella or abnormal patellar tracking as it moves through the femoral groove.
Chondromalacia patellae (also known as CMP) is an inflammation of the underside of the patella and softening of the cartilage.. The cartilage under the kneecap is a natural shock absorber, and overuse, injury, and many other factors can cause increased deterioration and breakdown of the cartilage.
A patella alta is a high-riding (superiorly aligned) patella. An attenuated patella alta is an unusually small patella that develops out of and above the joint. A patella baja is a low-riding patella. A long-standing patella baja may result in extensor dysfunction. [5] Insall-Salvati ratio (A divided by B). [6]
An angle greater than 25 degrees between the patellar tendon and quadriceps muscle can predispose a person to patellar dislocation. [11] In patella alta, the patella sits higher on the knee than normal. [11] Normal function of the VMO muscle (VMO) stabilizes the patella. Decreased VMO function results in instability of the patella. [2]
This page was last edited on 30 November 2009, at 16:51 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
This finding was important as they were the first to note that it was a benign disorder that is separate from the more severe nail-patella syndrome. [35] Other common names for ischiopatellar syndrome are small patella syndrome (SPS), since the patellae are often small or absent in patients who have this syndrome, and coxo-podo-patellaire syndrome.