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The M51 is a water-cooled and turbocharged inline six-cylinder diesel engine with a Bosch VP37-swirl-chamber-injection. [1] [2] [3] The displacement is 2.5 L; 152.4 cu in (2,497 cc) and the compression ratio is 22.0:1. Some engine variants have an intercooler in addition to the turbocharger, they can be identified by the tds. [2]
BMW is well known for its history of inline-six (straight-six) engines, a layout it continues to use to this day despite most other manufacturers switching to a V6 layout. . The more common inline-four and V8 layouts are also produced by BMW, and at times the company has produced inline-three, V10 and V12 engines, BMW also engineered non-production customised engines especially for motorsports ...
For the facelift of the model range in the year 2000, the M52 was replaced by the BMW M54 straight-6 engine [33] and the version used in the 530i model topped the Ward's 10 Best Engines list in 2002 and 2003. [34] The post-facelift V8 models (535i and 540i) continued to use the M62TÜ engine. Specifications for European models are shown below.
The BMW M21 is a straight-six diesel engine developed by the German engine manufacturer BMW. It has swirl chamber injection and is based on the M20 petrol engine [1] and was produced for BMW by the Upper Austrian Steyr engine plant from 1983 to 1991. It was succeeded by the M51. [2]
The BMW M50 is a straight-6 DOHC petrol engine which was produced from 1990 to 1996. It was released in the E34 520i and 525i, to replace the M20 engine. [1] In September 1992, the M50 was upgraded to the M50TÜ (Technische Überarbeitung, "technical revision"). This was BMW's first engine to use variable valve timing. [2]
It was powered by the BMW M50 engine and was the first 5 Series to use a rack and pinion steering system. There are two versions of the E34 530i: an inline-six model produced from 1988 to 1990, and a V8 model produced from 1993 to 1995. The earlier model was one of the last applications of the BMW M30 inline-six engine.
The first BMW M5, based on the E28 5 Series, was manufactured from October 1984 to June 1988. [8] It made its debut at the Amsterdam Motor Show in February 1985. [9] It was based on the 535i chassis with various mechanical changes, most notably the M88/3 engine (shared with the E24 M635CSi grand tourer coupé) which was an updated version of the engine used in the M1 sports car. [8]
It was revised twice during its production time. It is based on its predecessor M51. The block and the crankcase of the first M57 engines and the TÜ (Technische Überarbeitung = revision) engines are made of cast iron, whilst the TÜ2 engines are made of aluminium instead. [1] The combustion chamber was also changed in the TÜ2. [1]