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Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) is a family of crystalline chemical compounds that display high-temperature superconductivity; it includes the first material ever discovered to become superconducting above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen [77 K (−196.2 °C; −321.1 °F)] at about 93 K (−180.2 °C; −292.3 °F).
Critical temperature T c, the temperature below which the wire becomes a superconductor; Critical current density J c, the maximum current a superconducting wire can carry per unit cross-sectional area (see images below for examples with 20 kA/cm 2). Superconducting wires/tapes/cables usually consist of two key features:
YBCO: Cuprate 95 120–250 II no EuBCO Cuprate 93 II no [46] GdBCO Cuprate 91 II no [47] BSCCO: Cuprate 104 HBCCO Cuprate 135 HgTlBaCaCuO Cuprate 164 II [citation needed] SmFeAs(O,F) Iron-based 55 CeFeAs(O,F) Iron-based 41 LaFeAs(O,F) Iron-based 26 LaFeSiH Iron-based 11 [48] LaFePO Iron-based 4 FeSe:SrTiO 3: Iron-based 60-100 (Ba,K)Fe2As2 Iron ...
In 2023, the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory generated 32 tesla with a ReBCO superconducting magnet. [17] [18] A 40T superconducting magnet is under construction. In June 2024, the first plasma was achieved in the HH70 tokamak, developed by the China-based fusion energy company Energy Singularity. Using ReBCO as material for the ...
For example, YBCO and BSCCO can alternatively be referred to as Y123 and Bi2201/Bi2212/Bi2223 depending on the number of layers in each superconducting block (n). The superconducting transition temperature has been found to peak at an optimal doping value ( p =0.16) and an optimal number of layers in each superconducting block, typically n =3.
For example, YBCO and BSCCO can alternatively be referred to as "Y123" and Bi2201/Bi2212/Bi2223 depending on the number of layers in each superconducting block (n). The superconducting transition temperature has been found to peak at an optimal doping value ( p =0.16) and an optimal number of layers in each superconducting block, typically n =3.
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Other type-II examples are the cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials which have achieved the highest superconducting critical temperatures. These include La 1.85 Ba 0.15 CuO 4, BSCCO, and YBCO (Yttrium-Barium-Copper-Oxide), which is famous as the first material to achieve superconductivity above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77 K).