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Neurotoxicity is a form of toxicity in which a biological, chemical, or physical agent produces an adverse effect on the structure or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system. [1] It occurs when exposure to a substance – specifically, a neurotoxin or neurotoxicant – alters the normal activity of the nervous system in such a ...
Health effects on intelligence have been described as being among the most important factors in the origins of human group differences in IQ test scores and other measures of cognitive ability. [1] Several factors can lead to significant cognitive impairment, particularly if they occur during pregnancy and childhood when the brain is growing ...
It is likely that such effects have an effect on the blood supply to the brain. That such an effect might well lead to damage to the brain seems likely. Therefore it is regarded that the association between exposure to air pollutants and effects on cognitive decline and dementia as likely to be causal with respect to this mechanism. [65]
Water intoxication, also known as water poisoning, hyperhydration, overhydration, or water toxemia, is a potentially fatal disturbance in brain functions that can result when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside safe limits by excessive water intake.
Health effects are an important consideration in many areas, such as hygiene, pollution studies, occupational safety and health, ([nutrition]) and health sciences in general. Some of the major environmental sources of health effects are air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, noise pollution and over-illumination. [citation needed]
B-complex vitamins are water-soluble vitamins, which means that they are not stored within the body. In consequence, the B vitamins need ongoing replenishment. [ 19 ] It is possible to identify broad cognitive effects of certain B vitamins, as they are involved in many significant metabolic processes within the brain.
More specifically, it looked at the effect of methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin, Concerta), a stimulant, and atomoxetine (Strattera), a non-stimulant, on the brain.
Health effects are concentrated among women, who are likely to be responsible for cooking, and young children. [111] The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that cooking-related pollution causes 3.8 million annual deaths. [112] The Global Burden of Disease study estimated the number of deaths in 2021 at 3.1 million. [113]